Communication is crucial for every project. Most of the time project managers spend on communication with stakeholders. In order to effectively communicate with stakeholders, a project manager should understand their characteristics, among them are risk attitude and risk tolerance. This article will address these concepts in terms of the PMBOK Guide, Fourth Edition (hereafter, PMBOK Guide)
However, before getting into details, let’s define these terms first.
According to the PMBOK Guide, risk tolerance is “the degree, amount or volume of risk that an organization or individual will withstand”. If an organization or a stakeholder is willing to accept risks with high impact on the project objectives or with high probabilities, they are considered to have high risk tolerance.
Risk attitude, on the other hand, does not have official definition in the PMBOK Guide. It is only said that risk attitudes “are driven by perception, tolerances, and other biases, which should be made explicit whenever possible” (page 276).
There are 4 types of risk attitudes: risk averse, risk neutral, risk seeking and risk tolerant. Each type reflects a level at which a person is comfortable to risk. The image below from the book Understanding and Managing Risk Attitude
may give you an easy way to understand risk attitudes.
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